Air pollution caused by dust particles poses a serious problem for human health and environment. The negative effect of the ultrafine dust particles (particles with the size less than 100 nm) on the human health depends for example on the number of particles, specific surface of the particles, respirability and ability to bind other chemical compounds (e.g. PAHs). The paper summarizes findings gained from combustions tests of brown coal in small combustion devices. The combustion tests were performed in typical hot water boilers at the nominal power. The low-pressure cascade impactor DLPI was used for the characteriza tion of the ultrafine particles.
This example happens every time we find that previous approaches and knowledge need correction, or abandon, or even to be thrown away. Sometimes however, we do not want to leave something that has not fully fulfill our requirements. Either it is a question of habit, or we do not know that there are better things.
How does the subsidy for boilers with biplanes? It's a fairy tale, and fairy tales are mere fiction. In other words, every author in his tale that might suggest what he wants. This will, inter alia, trying to do a little of the horror genre enjoyable and I hope too that it reduces the possibility for me to sue the speech.
Article features basic relations for determination of heat loss at warmwatter tube with thermal isolation from differences of flue watter temperature and ambient air temperature at planar and cylindric form. Calculation coming-out from coefficient of heat transmission according to coefficient of thermal conductivity and coefficents of heat transfer.
Problems fraudulent coal boilers included in EU subsidies for replacement of old boilers in the Czech Republic has already begun in a big deal in czech media. Czech Television aired May 30, 2016 report on substandard subsidized boiler and identified him as FD Automat by Slovak producer ATTACK, s.r.o.
The contribution evaluates the effect of three important parameters (combustion air shortage, not-well maintained chimney and boiler) on the change in quality of the natural gas combustion and operation safety of the appliance. The common gas boiler with atmospheric burner was used for the experiment. The limited air supply, poor draft conditions and not-well maintained chimney were simulated by closing the chimney damper. The not-well maintained appliance was simulated by covering the boiler heat exchanger. The results show that the combustion gases were released to the testing space at approx. 50% closing of the chimney damper and approx. 80% clogging of the boiler heat exchanger. 10× higher concentrations of poisonous CO comparing to the normal operation were measured for 60% clogging of the boiler heat exchanger. Regular maintenance of boiler and chimney increases operation safety of combustion appliances.
A woman died of CO poisoning perhaps only because her son wanted to save money and he bought and installed a door in his new house. Insufficient air supply to the burning fuel is accompanied by a poorer quality of combustion and thus increased production of poisonous CO. If CO is not safely discharged outside the building by a flue-gas duct, it is only a matter of time when a disaster occurs. During the investigation, the judge asked questions to the workers of Energy Research Center relating to the formation of CO. The answers are listed in this article.
The active fire safety devices, by which are in the contribution meant especially electric fire alarms, stabile fire extinguishing means and devices for smoke and heat removal, are an important part of building security systems. For the proper function of these systems it is necessary to pay attention to the priority how to put into operation the particular device, their coordina tion and interaction between them.
The principles of the prioritizing how to put into the operation the individual active fire safety devices are described on the basis of the reasons for the devices installation and their priority or eventually secondary protection targets. The attention is paid also to the coordina tion of the fire safety means.
Extraction and combustion of coal have changed the world and the climate of our planet within last two hundred years, but both are declining. This fact alongside with many others belongs to key messages of a new, representative publication, the Coal Atlas. Coal has started the industrial revolution and at the same time caused environmental and social destruction of large areas. At present, coal significantly contributes to climate change by being responsible for 43 % of global carbon dioxide emissions and more than one third of all greenhouse gas emissions respectively. Progressive countries are therefore leaving coal behind. What is more, consumption of coal has recently stagnated also in China, so far the biggest consumer. While the coal business seems to be inevitably coming to the end, some investors still hope for a profit. Why some buy something that the others consider as “stranded assets”?
The article presents the results of the unique calorimetric tests for individually built stoves made in the calorimeter chamber. The main objective of the tests was to determine the course of the heat output of the stove with glass and solid fire door at a full periodic fuel loading. The next main objective of the tests was the verification of stove sizing according to EN 15544:2013.
Europe is the world's largest producer of pellets. In 2014 there were produced 13.5 million tons of pellets, which is roughly 50 % of total world production. This production shows steady growth over several years with an average growth of 35 % between 2010–2013 and 11 % from 2013 to 2014. Production in the EU market caters mainly to heat market.
Coke ovens are perceived as the dominant producer of carcinogenic B(a)P. The results of combustion tests, which were performed in testing laboratory of VSB-TUO Energy Research Center show that a small-scale appliances burning solid fuels can produce significant emissions of PAHs hence B(a)P. The hard, brown coal and biomass in various forms were burned in different types of small-scale appliances, which are commonly used for household heating. Comparison of emissions of B(a)P from one “average Czech village”, which is heated by combustion of solid fuels and “average Czech coking plant” will allow to answer the initial question.
The pond loop geothermal refrigeration system at the Janesville Ice Arena uses an adjacent pond as a thermal storage. The most interesting in the ice arena is the main source for ice refrigeration, the water-source heat pumps and their condenser a city-owned pond that is adjacent to the building. Refrigeration heat is used for snow melt pit, ice resurfacing water preheat and underfloor heating.
The well-operated modern boilers for solid fuels have higher efficiency thus, the utilization of the energy in the fuel is better than at the boilers with old construction. This should mean that the new boiler has lower consumption of the fuel and the costs of the heating season should be reduced (for the same heat demand). But is it true? Will the new boiler really burn less fuel than the old one? This calculator allows us to calculate whether and how much we can save for the heating season.
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