The design of a photovoltaic system taking into account heat loss, external and internal gains, the method of heating and water heating is made possible by a calculation tool created for the balancing of buildings with photovoltaic systems. In the example, combinations of FS with a heat pump or with an electric boiler are compared.
Starting from January 1, 2023 (in the Czech Republic), on the basis of § 4, paragraph 1 of Decree No. 264/2020 Coll., on the energy efficiency of buildings, it is necessary for buildings or zones with cooling, humidity control or electricity production to calculate the energy efficiency of the building with an interval of one hour. The subject of the article is an approximation of the basic specifics of the hourly step of calculation and a comparison of the results of the calculation and the assessment of energy intensity in the monthly and hourly step of calculation according to the requirements of the applicable legislation.
The presented set of four communications deals with the risk management in favour of safety applied to the operation of pipelines. It respects current professional knowledge and presents it in the concept promoted by the UN, the European Union, the OECD and others. The fourth part contains a conclusion, characteristics of new aspects addressed by the professional sphere for practice and a list of used literature.
The presented set of four communications deals with the risk management in favour of safety applied to the operation of pipelines. It respects current professional knowledge and presents it in the concept promoted by the UN, the European Union, the OECD and others. The third part summarizes the findings on the checklist methodology and provides examples for pipelines.
The presented set of four communications deals with the risk management in favour of safety applied to the operation of pipelines. It respects current professional knowledge and presents it in the concept promoted by the UN, the European Union, the OECD and others. The second part summarizes the knowledge and principles of risk management and lists the sources of risks for the pipeline.
The presented set of four communications deals with the risk management in favour of safety applied to the operation of pipelines. It respects current professional knowledge and presents it in the concept promoted by the UN, the European Union, the OECD and others. The first part introduces terms used in engineering practice, which deals with risks and safety and introduces knowledge that is relevant to pipeline safety.
With 97,000 heat pumps for the year 2022, Panasonic in Pilsen has become the leading manufacturer of hot water heat pumps in the Czech Republic. By 2026, production capacity will increase to approximately 550,000 units. Mit 97.000 Wärmepumpen für das Jahr 2022 ist Panasonic in Pilsen zum führenden Hersteller von Warmwasser-Wärmepumpen in der Tschechischen Republik geworden. Bis 2026 wird die Produktionskapazität auf rund 550.000 Einheiten steigen.
The composition of natural gas in the Czech distribution system, or the Czech part of the former Czechoslovak system, has not changed too much over time to date. Almost all of the gas was that supplied from the former Soviet Union and, following its disintegration, from Russia mainly to western European countries and met their requirements. The situation completely changed in 2022 when gas supply from Russia to the EU was reduced and large quantities were replaced with LNG. In this context, the contribution discusses the changes in the composition of the natural gas distributed in the Czech Republic.
The efficiency of the heat pump also depends on the optimal design of the primary heat collector, most often in the form of a well, a surface collector, but also clinkers or energy baskets. The length of the pipe and its dimensions are closely related to the operating temperature drop in the primary circuit of the heat pump.
Replacing the boiler with a heat pump requires verification of the system's hydraulics, temperature regimes and heat pump performance. Mutual incompatibility can be detected by measuring temperatures, working with equithermal curve graphs and manufacturer's documents, especially in the case of a simpler heating system in a family home.
Replacing the boiler with a heat pump requires verification of the system's hydraulics, temperature regimes and heat pump performance. Mutual incompatibility can be detected by measuring temperatures, working with equithermal curve graphs and manufacturer's documents, especially in the case of a simpler heating system in a family home.
Replacing the boiler with a heat pump requires verification of the system's hydraulics, temperature regimes and heat pump performance. Mutual incompatibility can be detected by measuring temperatures, working with equithermal curve graphs and manufacturer's documents, especially in the case of a simpler heating system in a family home.
Replacing the boiler with a heat pump requires verification of the system's hydraulics, temperature regimes and heat pump performance. Mutual incompatibility can be detected by measuring temperatures, working with equithermal curve graphs and manufacturer's documents, especially in the case of a simpler heating system in a family home.
High-temperature water-to-water compressor heat pumps with different refrigerants and configurations can be used in district heating systems operating at temperatures between 60 and 120 °C. Part 1 describes the development of installations in Europe and the current state of development, including an overview of the market offer.
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